Past, Present, and Future of Hysterectomy

Abstract 

Until the late 1930s, the standard type of abdominal hysterectomy was subtotal, leaving the cervix behind to decrease the risk of peritonitis with its attendant high mortality. With the discovery of antibiotics, careful attention to antisepsis, and other medical and surgical advances, this method was gradually replaced by total abdominal hysterectomy in the United States and the United Kingdom, although the subtotal approach still remained popular, in particular in Scandinavian countries. With the advent of laparoscopic hysterectomy, many surgeons, wanting a simpler approach and for a variety of other reasons, have returned to performance of subtotal hysterectomy. The objectives of the present article is to review the development of the operation from a historical perspective, and to attempt to answer some of the dilemmas posed when choosing between a total and subtotal procedure, using results from evidence-based research when possible.

Keywords: Alternatives to hysterectomy, Complications of laparoscopic hysterectomy, Day-case surgery, Endometrial ablation, History of hysterectomy, Hysterectomy, Laparoscopic subtotal/total hysterectomy, Laparoscopic surgery, Levonorgestrel intrauterine system, Oophorectomy at hysterectomy, Quality of life after hysterectomy, Robotic hysterectomy, Subtotal hysterectomy, Total abdominal hysterectomy